ch16
dz / DFRE / ch16Summary
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Chapter 16
Node Tree
- rome_govt
- capitation_tax_jewish_people
- christians
-
cyprian
- paternus_summons_cyprian
- cyprian_church_of_carthage_and_africa
-
galerius_warrant_execution_christians
-
manner_of_execution
-
we_will_die_with_him
- cyprian_first_martyrdom
- martyr_apostate_honour_infamy
-
we_will_die_with_him
-
manner_of_execution
-
manner_of_execution
-
we_will_die_with_him
- cyprian_first_martyrdom
- martyr_apostate_honour_infamy
-
we_will_die_with_him
- domitian
- expedience_elude_laws
- iii
- jews
- justify_persecution
Nodes
christians | |
content | Early christians |
children | persecution_first_christians, sect, tolerated, illegal_gatherings |
persecution_first_christians | |
content | Persecution of First Christians |
children | against_ancestral_tradition, mysterious_veil |
parents | christians |
against_ancestral_tradition | |
content | went against ancestral tradition |
parents | persecution_first_christians |
jews | |
content | Jews |
children | unlawful_pay_taxes, nation |
unlawful_pay_taxes | |
content | Felt it unlawful to pay taxes |
parents | jews |
impatience_rome_dominion | |
content | impatience of Rome Dominion |
children | barchochebas |
parents | rome_govt |
rome_govt | |
content | Rome Government |
children | impatience_rome_dominion |
barchochebas | |
content | Barchochebas |
children | hadrian, hardian (fought) |
parents | impatience_rome_dominion |
hardian | |
content | Hardian |
parents | barchochebas |
nation | |
content | Nation |
children | difference_between |
parents | jews |
sect | |
content | Sect |
children | difference_between |
parents | christians |
difference_between | |
content | Difference between |
parents | sect, nation |
illegal_gatherings | |
content | Illegal Gatherings |
parents | christians |
restored_ancient_privileges | |
content | Restored Ancient Prvileges |
parents | pius |
pius | |
content | Pius |
children | restored_ancient_privileges |
parents | hadrian |
hadrian | |
content | hadrian |
children | pius |
parents | barchochebas |
tolerated | |
content | Tolerated |
parents | christians |
justify_persecution | |
content | History... ill deserve,... plead cause tyrants, justify maxims persecution |
children | mysterious_veil (next) |
remarks | musings: why were christrians persecuted? |
mysterious_veil | |
content | Mysterious Veil, infancy church, protection |
children | providence_not_much_attention, except_nero_no_roman_persecution |
parents | persecution_first_christians, justify_persecution |
remarks | the early christians blended in to roman society with the existing Jewish population |
providence_not_much_attention | |
content | providence didn't pay them much attention |
parents | mysterious_veil |
except_nero_no_roman_persecution | |
content | Except for Nero, no real traces of Roman intolerance |
children | improper_dismiss_nero, nero_reign_fire |
parents | mysterious_veil |
nero_reign_fire | |
content | Nero Reign in the 10th year afflicted with fire |
children | passage_of_tacitus, nero_blamed |
parents | except_nero_no_roman_persecution |
nero_blamed | |
content | Nero Blamed for starting the fire on his own city |
children | incredible_stories_genius_enraged_people (was this the rationale for blaming Nero?), nero_invents_claims_christians_culprits (done to deflect the blame he was receiving) |
parents | nero_reign_fire |
incredible_stories_genius_enraged_people | |
content | "The most incredible stories are the best adapted to the genius of an enraged people" |
parents | nero_blamed |
remarks | I mostly included this verbatim because it's a nice quote that also applies to internet mob mentality |
nero_invents_claims_christians_culprits | |
content | Nero invents claims that Christians were behind the fire |
children | torture (Nero tortures (and interrogates?) Christians) |
parents | nero_blamed |
torture | |
content | torture |
parents | nero_invents_claims_christians_culprits |
improper_dismiss_nero | |
content | It would be improper... dismiss Nero's persecution... till we have made observations |
parents | except_nero_no_roman_persecution |
passage_of_tacitus | |
content | Passage of Tacitus |
children | tacitus |
parents | nero_reign_fire |
tacitus | |
content | Tacitus |
children | annals, born_years_before_fire, hadrian_succeeds_throne, life_of_agricola |
parents | passage_of_tacitus |
born_years_before_fire | |
content | Born years before fire, wrote about it secondhand |
parents | tacitus |
life_of_agricola | |
content | 40 years old, wrote life of Agricola |
children | history_of_rome (after) |
parents | tacitus |
history_of_rome | |
content | History of Rome, thirty books, fall of nero to ascension of Nerva |
parents | life_of_agricola |
annals | |
content | Annals, four successors to Augustus |
parents | tacitus |
hadrian_succeeds_throne | |
content | Hadrian succeeds throne before tacitus writes about fire |
children | indulge_himself_in_description |
parents | tacitus |
indulge_himself_in_description | |
content | Indulge himself in the description of the origin.. not according.. prejudices.. Nero.. [but] as according .. [to] time of Hadrian |
children | conjecture |
parents | hadrian_succeeds_throne |
conjecture | |
content | Conjecture: Galilaeans sect. Followers of Judas of Gaulonite |
parents | indulge_himself_in_description |
capitation_tax_jewish_people | |
content | Emperors Levied Capitation Tax on Jewish People |
children | tribunual_of_emperor |
tribunual_of_emperor | |
content | Tribunal of Emperor |
children | grandsons_st_jude (brought before tribunual) |
parents | capitation_tax_jewish_people |
grandsons_st_jude | |
content | Grandsons of St. Jude, the brother of Jesus Christ |
children | heirs_to_throne_of_david |
parents | tribunual_of_emperor |
heirs_to_throne_of_david | |
content | Heirs to Throne of David |
children | suspicians_of_tyrant (protected from suspicians) |
parents | grandsons_st_jude |
domitian | |
content | Domitian |
children | suspicians_of_tyrant, domitilla (niece, bestowed to flavius clemens in marriage,adopted children in hope of succession), flavius_sabinus (uncle) |
suspicians_of_tyrant | |
content | suspicians of tyrant |
parents | domitian, heirs_to_throne_of_david |
flavius_sabinus | |
content | Flavius Sabinus |
children | two_sons |
parents | domitian |
two_sons | |
content | two sons |
children | elder_son_convicted, flavius_clemens (younger son) |
parents | flavius_sabinus |
elder_son_convicted | |
content | elder son convicted of treasonous intentions |
parents | two_sons |
flavius_clemens | |
content | Flavius Clemens |
children | charged_atheism_jewish_manners, domitilla (wife), flavius_condemed_executed |
parents | two_sons |
domitilla | |
content | Domitilla |
children | charged_atheism_jewish_manners, domitilla_banished |
parents | domitian, flavius_clemens |
domitilla_banished | |
content | Domitilla Banished to coast of Campania |
parents | domitilla, charged_atheism_jewish_manners |
flavius_condemed_executed | |
content | Flavius Condemed and Executed |
parents | flavius_clemens, charged_atheism_jewish_manners |
charged_atheism_jewish_manners | |
content | Charged with "Atheism and Jewish Manners", a singular association of ideas, which cannot with any propriety be applied except to the Christians |
children | clemens_domitilla_first_martyrs, domitilla_banished, flavius_condemed_executed |
parents | flavius_clemens, domitilla |
clemens_domitilla_first_martyrs | |
content | Clemens and Domitilla First Martyrs |
children | younger_pliny_bithynia_pontia (10 years after) |
parents | charged_atheism_jewish_manners |
younger_pliny_bithynia_pontia | |
content | Younger Pliny Entrusted with government of Bithynia and Pontia, under reign of Trajan |
children | never_assisted_judicial_proceedings_christians |
parents | clemens_domitilla_first_martyrs |
never_assisted_judicial_proceedings_christians | |
content | Never assisted judicial proceedings against Christians |
children | uninformed |
parents | younger_pliny_bithynia_pontia |
uninformed | |
content | Uninformed by "nature of guilt", "method of conviction", "degree of their punishment" |
children | trajan_instruct_ignorance |
parents | never_assisted_judicial_proceedings_christians |
no_laws_or_decrees_against_christians | |
content | No laws or decrees against christians. |
parents | trajan_instruct_ignorance |
trajan_instruct_ignorance | |
content | Asked Trajan to "instruct his ignorance" |
children | answer_of_trajan, no_laws_or_decrees_against_christians (demonstrates that there were no official laws against,Christians) |
parents | uninformed |
answer_of_trajan | |
content | Answer of Trajan: "as much regard for justice and humanity as could be reconciled with his mistaken notions of religious policy" |
parents | trajan_instruct_ignorance |
expedience_elude_laws | |
content | The expedience which was employed to elude the presence of the laws afford... proof how effectually they dissappointed... private malice or superstitious zeal |
iii | |
content | iii |
children | punishment_not_inevitable |
punishment_not_inevitable | |
content | Punishment was not the inevitable consequence of conviction |
children | total_disregard_truth_natural_mistake, easy_pardon |
parents | iii |
easy_pardon | |
content | easy pardon, cast a few grains of incense upon the altar |
children | persuations_ineffectual |
parents | punishment_not_inevitable |
persuations_ineffectual | |
content | If threats/persuations ineffectual, he [judge? magistrate?] had often recourse to violence. |
children | obtain_not_confession_but_denial |
parents | easy_pardon |
obtain_not_confession_but_denial | |
content | Obtain not a confession, but a denial, of the crime which was object of the inquiry |
children | monks_invented_torments |
parents | persuations_ineffectual |
monks_invented_torments | |
content | Monks of succeeding ages.. entertained themselves by diversifying the deaths and suffering of primitive martyrs... frequenctly invented torments |
parents | obtain_not_confession_but_denial |
writers_zeal_against_heretics | |
content | ecclasiastical writers.. ascribed to the Roman magistrates... zeal which filled their own breasts against heretics and idolators of their own time |
children | magistrates_respected_justice |
parents | total_disregard_truth_natural_mistake |
total_disregard_truth_natural_mistake | |
content | The total disgregard of truth and pobability.. of these primitive martyrdoms was occasioned by a very natural mistake. |
children | writers_zeal_against_heretics, cyprian_church_of_carthage_and_africa |
parents | punishment_not_inevitable |
magistrates_respected_justice | |
content | It is certain.. greatest part of magistrates respected rules of justice. |
children | martyrs_opposite_extremes |
parents | writers_zeal_against_heretics |
martyrs_opposite_extremes | |
content | martyrs... selected from the most opposite of extremes |
children | bishops_presbyters_or_meanest_little_value |
parents | magistrates_respected_justice |
bishops_presbyters_or_meanest_little_value | |
content | Either bishops and presbyters or else they were meanest and most abject... whose lives were esteemed of little value |
children | origen_number_of_martyrs_inconsiderable |
parents | martyrs_opposite_extremes |
origen_number_of_martyrs_inconsiderable | |
content | Origen... declares... number of martyrs was very inconsiderable |
children | dionysis_ten_men_seven_women |
parents | bishops_presbyters_or_meanest_little_value |
dionysis_ten_men_seven_women | |
content | Dionysis... persecution [under] Decius, reckons only ten men and seven women |
parents | origen_number_of_martyrs_inconsiderable |
cyprian_church_of_carthage_and_africa | |
content | During the same period of prosecution... Cyprian governed the church... of Carthage... [and] even Africa |
children | banishment_to_curubis, cyprian_proves_bishop_peril_exagerated |
parents | total_disregard_truth_natural_mistake, cyprian |
cyprian_proves_bishop_peril_exagerated | |
content | Life of Cyprian is sufficient to prove... our fancy has exagerated the perilous situation of a Christian Bishop |
children | four_emperors_perished |
parents | cyprian_church_of_carthage_and_africa |
four_emperors_perished | |
content | Four emperors perished by the sword in the space of ten years, during which bishop of Carthage guided by his authority... councils of African church |
children | edicts_of_decius |
parents | cyprian_proves_bishop_peril_exagerated |
edicts_of_decius | |
content | Only in the third year of admin... edicts of Decius.. magistrates... demanded that Cyprian... thrown to the lions. |
children | withdrew_solitude |
parents | four_emperors_perished |
withdrew_solitude | |
content | Withdrew himself into obscure solitude |
children | death_cause_of_religion |
parents | edicts_of_decius |
death_cause_of_religion | |
content | Eight years later, he suffered death in the cause of religion |
parents | withdrew_solitude |
cyprian | |
content | cyprian |
children | paternus_summons_cyprian, cyprian_church_of_carthage_and_africa, galerius_warrant_execution_christians, manner_of_execution |
paternus_summons_cyprian | |
content | Valerian.. consul for the third... Gallienus for the forth.. Paternus, proconsul of Africa, summoned Cyprian |
children | banishment_to_curubis |
parents | cyprian |
banishment_to_curubis | |
content | Banishment to Curubis, about 40 miles from Carthage |
children | recalled_after_new_proconsol |
parents | cyprian_church_of_carthage_and_africa, paternus_summons_cyprian |
recalled_after_new_proconsol | |
content | Recalled from exile after arrival of new proconsul. |
parents | banishment_to_curubis |
galerius_warrant_execution_christians | |
content | Year after Cyprian apprehended, Galerius Maximus, Proconsul of Africa,... imperial warrant for execution of Christian Teachers |
children | manner_of_execution |
parents | cyprian |
manner_of_execution | |
content | Manner of execution... mildest and least painful |
children | we_will_die_with_him |
parents | galerius_warrant_execution_christians, cyprian |
remarks | execution was a beheading |
we_will_die_with_him | |
content | 'we will die with him'... christians who waited at palace gates |
children | cyprian_first_martyrdom, martyr_apostate_honour_infamy |
parents | manner_of_execution |
cyprian_first_martyrdom | |
content | Of so great a multitude of Bishops in Africa... Cyprian... first.. martyrdom |
parents | we_will_die_with_him |
martyr_apostate_honour_infamy | |
content | Die a martyr or live an Apostate,... honour or infamy |
children | first_christians_martyrdom_eagerness |
parents | we_will_die_with_him |
first_christians_martyrdom_eagerness | |
content | Fervor of First Christians... desired martyrdom with... eagerness |
children | fever_of_mind_gave_way_to |
parents | martyr_apostate_honour_infamy |
fever_of_mind_gave_way_to | |
content | Although devotion had raised... this fever of the mind, it insensibly gave way to... hopes and fears of the human heart..., love of life, apprehensions of pain,... horror of dissolution |
children | charged_prepare_an_answer |
parents | first_christians_martyrdom_eagerness |
charged_prepare_an_answer | |
content | I. A modern Inquisitor... hear with surprise... charge... communicated.. convenient time... prepare an answer |
children | provincial_governers_certificates, unworthy_christians, convictions_christians_depended_on |
parents | fever_of_mind_gave_way_to |
provincial_governers_certificates | |
content | II. Provincial Governers... selling certificates [libels]... complied with laws... sacrificed to... deities |
parents | charged_prepare_an_answer |
unworthy_christians | |
content | III. Unworthy Christians... publically denounced faith which they had professed |
children | prosecution_abated_returning_multitude |
parents | charged_prepare_an_answer |
prosecution_abated_returning_multitude | |
content | As soon as the severity of the prosecution was abated... returning multitude of penitents |
parents | unworthy_christians |
convictions_christians_depended_on | |
content | IV. Notwithstanding... rules... conviction... Christians... fate of those sectaries... depended on... own behavior... circumstances of times... temper of... rulers |
children | ten_persecutions, apology_of_tertullian |
parents | charged_prepare_an_answer |
ten_persecutions | |
content | ten persections |
children | ten_plagues_horns |
parents | convictions_christians_depended_on |
remarks | "ten" is emphasized |
ten_plagues_horns | |
content | ten plauges of egypt, ten horns of the apocalypse |
parents | ten_persecutions |
apology_of_tertullian | |
content | Apology of Tertullian contains... suspicious instances of Imperial Clemency |
children | injustice_marcus_lenity_commodus |
parents | convictions_christians_depended_on |
injustice_marcus_lenity_commodus | |
content | Injustice of Marcus, Lenity of Commodus |
children | severus (After Commodus), marcia_affection_oppressed_church |
parents | apology_of_tertullian |
marcia_affection_oppressed_church | |
content | Marcia, the most favored of the concubines... entertained a singular affection for the oppressed church |
children | thirteen_years_tyranny_safely |
parents | injustice_marcus_lenity_commodus |
thirteen_years_tyranny_safely | |
content | Passed in safety the thirteen years of a cruel tyranny |
children | severus (After Commodus) |
parents | marcia_affection_oppressed_church |
severus | |
content | Severus |
children | proselytes_increased_numbers, fury_populace_checked |
parents | injustice_marcus_lenity_commodus, thirteen_years_tyranny_safely |
fury_populace_checked | |
content | Fury populace checked, ancient laws suspended, provincial governers annual present from church |
parents | severus |
proselytes_increased_numbers | |
content | Increased numbers of proselytes (converted) |
children | severus_edict |
parents | severus |
severus_edict | |
content | Severus declares edict to restrain progress of christianity |
children | expired_authority_emperor |
parents | proselytes_increased_numbers |
expired_authority_emperor | |
content | Expired with authority of emporer |
children | 38_years_calm |
parents | severus_edict |
38_years_calm | |
content | 38 years calm |
children | mamaea_converses_origen |
parents | expired_authority_emperor |
mamaea_converses_origen | |
content | Mamaea converses with Origen while passing through Antioch. |
children | philip (Origen wrote to Philip), alexander |
parents | 38_years_calm |
alexander | |
content | Alexander, son of Mamaea |
children | alexander_death_maximin_massacre, injudicious_regard_christianity |
parents | mamaea_converses_origen |
injudicious_regard_christianity | |
content | Singular yet injudicious regard for Christian Religion |
parents | alexander |
alexander_death_maximin_massacre | |
content | Death of Alexander, Maximin "promiscuous massacre" of Christians of every rank |
children | philip |
parents | alexander |
philip | |
content | Emperor Philip: friend and protector to Christians |
parents | alexander_death_maximin_massacre, mamaea_converses_origen |